The PDQ cancer information summaries are reviewed regularly and updated as new information becomes available. This section describes the latest changes made to this summary as of the date above.

Prostate Cancer Susceptibility Loci

Added text about a novel human retrovirus, designated xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV) that has stimulated further research (cited Urisman et al as reference 33 and Brower et al. as reference 34).

Included 5p13q12 as an additional chromosomal region that may harbor a prostate cancer susceptibility gene (cited FitzGerald et al. as reference 151).

Added text to state that risk variants at 8q24 and 17q may have a cumulative effect on age at diagnosis of prostate cancer (cited Penney et al. as reference 178). Added text about a fine-mapping study of SNPs in and around the MSMB region that identified and confirmed the association of SNP rs10993994 with prostate cancer risk and that a functional analysis of the risk allele of rs10993994 resulted in an 87% reduction in promoter activity compared with the nonrisk allele (cited Change et al. as reference 180). Added text to state that this association has also been observed in a series of familial prostate cancer cases (cited Camp et al. as reference 181).

Added text to state that it is not known whether the genetic risk variants identified in Europeans will prove to be risk factors in non-European populations, and that 13 prostate cancer genetic risk variants were identified in prior GWAS from the Multiethnic Cohort (citied Waters et al. as reference 185).

Polymorphisms and Prostate Cancer Susceptibility

Added text about a meta-analysis that found a modest association between prostate cancer susceptibility and GSTM1 in Caucasians and Asians but not in blacks (cited Mo et al. as reference 49), but that no association was observed between prostate cancer susceptibility and GSTT1 and GSTP1.

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